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Antimetabolite
- Molecular classification
- Chemotherapy agent, Metabolic inhibitor
01
Overview
Antimetabolites are a class of chemical compounds and drugs that interfere with normal cellular metabolism by mimicking or inhibiting the function of natural metabolites. They are most widely known for their use as chemotherapy agents in cancer treatment, where they disrupt DNA and RNA synthesis, thereby preventing cell replication and inducing cell death. They can be grouped into Folic Acid Analogs, Pyrimidine Analogs, Purine Analogs, and Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors.
02
Mechanism of action
Antimetabolites interfere with normal cellular metabolism by mimicking or inhibiting the function of natural metabolites, primarily by disrupting DNA and RNA synthesis.
03
Biological functions
Cell cycle arrestApoptosisInhibition of DNA synthesisInhibition of RNA synthesis
04
Disease associations
CancerAutoimmune diseases
05
Safety considerations
MyelosuppressionNausea/vomitingHair loss (alopecia)Fatigue/drowsinessMucositis/ulcerative stomatitisPhotosensitivityIncreased infection riskLiver toxicity
06
Interacting drugs
Methotrexate
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