Antioxidant and immune-related cellular pathways

Antioxidant and immune-related cellular pathways refers to a complex network of biochemical signaling cascades that maintain cellular homeostasis and respond to external stressors. The antioxidant component primarily involves the Nrf2-Keap1 system, which regulates the expression of cytoprotective genes to mitigate oxidative stress (Source: Molecules, PMID: 28253175). The immune component encompasses pathways such as NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and Toll-like receptor signaling, which orchestrate inflammatory responses (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology, PMID: 30303655). These pathways are deeply interconnected; for example, oxidative stress can activate inflammatory signaling, while chronic inflammation can lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Dysregulation of this crosstalk is implicated in a wide range of pathologies, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. Because this term describes a functional category rather than a single protein, therapeutic interventions typically target specific nodes within these pathways, such as individual receptors or transcription factors, to achieve clinical efficacy.

Other names

Redox signaling pathwaysImmune signaling pathwaysOxidative stress response pathwaysRedox-immune signaling network

Modulation of transcription factors (e.g., Nrf2, NF-kB) and enzymatic activities to restore redox balance and regulate cytokine production.