Apolipoprotein C-I (APOC1)

Apolipoprotein C-I (APOC1) is the smallest human plasma apolipoprotein, consisting of 57 amino acids and primarily synthesized in the liver[2][3]. It is a key protein component of lipoproteins, especially high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and regulates lipid metabolism by inhibiting cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), modulating very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) interactions with cell receptors, and reducing the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL)[2][3][5]. The molecular structure consists of a single amphipathic α-helix or two amphipathic α-helices, depending on environment, which allows for rapid exchange between lipoprotein particles and the ability to form dimers[1][4]. APOC1 has complex, context-dependent effects on cardiometabolic risk, acting as both a pro- and anti-atherogenic factor depending on plasma lipid state and disease context[2][3][5]. Elevated or altered ApoC-I levels are associated with cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders, and the protein is under investigation as a cardiovascular risk biomarker[2][5]. APOC1 is considered a potential therapeutic target for lipid-related disorders, although no approved drugs are currently indicated as direct modulators[5].

Other names

Apolipoprotein C1Truncated apolipoprotein C-IApo-CIApoC-Iapo-CIBapoC-IBAPOC1Bapolipoprotein C-I