Apoptosis Pathway Proteins

Apoptosis pathway proteins are a diverse group of molecules that regulate and execute programmed cell death (apoptosis), a fundamental biological process essential for tissue homeostasis, development, and defense against disease. These proteins function within two main signaling cascades: the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway and the extrinsic (death receptor-mediated) pathway. Key protein families include the Bcl-2 family, caspases, death receptors, adaptor proteins, mitochondrial factors, inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), and heat shock proteins.

Various, including direct activation of caspases, inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins, and induction of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization.