Appetite regulation hormone

"Appetite regulation hormones" is not a specific molecule or receptor but rather a broad category encompassing several distinct hormones that regulate hunger and satiety. The most well-characterized members include:\n\n1. Ghrelin: Produced mainly in the stomach, ghrelin stimulates appetite by signaling the hypothalamus when the stomach is empty. It is often called the "hunger hormone"[2][4][6].\n\n2. Leptin: Secreted by adipose tissue, leptin suppresses appetite and signals energy sufficiency to the brain[2][6].\n\n3. Peptide YY (PYY): Released from L-cells in the distal gut after eating, PYY reduces food intake and promotes satiety[1][3][5].\n\n4. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1): Also secreted from L-cells postprandially, GLP-1 slows gastric emptying and enhances feelings of fullness; it also has roles in glucose metabolism[1][3][5].\n\n5. Cholecystokinin (CCK): Secreted from I-cells in the small intestine shortly after eating begins; CCK induces early satiation by acting on both neural pathways and direct circulatory routes to suppress food intake[1][7].\n\nOther relevant peptides include insulin (anorexigenic), pancreatic polypeptide, oxyntomodulin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), orexin/hypocretin, melanin-concentrating hormone.\n\nThese hormones act through various receptors—many are G protein–coupled receptors—on neurons within key regions of the hypothalamus such as arcuate nucleus or paraventricular nucleus to modulate feeding behavior[3][8]. Their dysregulation contributes to obesity or other metabolic diseases.\n\nBecause "appetite regulation hormones" refers collectively to multiple molecules with different structures/mechanisms/targets rather than a single defined target entity:\n\n* This entry is not considered a therapeutic target itself, but its individual members are.\n* There are no direct drugs that interact with "appetite regulation hormones" as a group; however, many drugs target individual components such as GLP-1 receptor agonists used in diabetes/obesity therapy.\n* Mechanisms of action vary widely depending on which specific member/receptor/drug pair is considered.\n* Biomarkers/safety concerns must be specified per individual molecule/receptor.\n\nFor structured data purposes you should instead refer individually to each major member—for example “Ghrelin receptor,” “Leptin receptor,” “Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor,” etc.—to obtain precise information about drug interactions/mechanisms/biomarkers/safety concerns relevant for therapeutic targeting.\n\n> In summary: "Appetite regulation hormones" describes an important physiological system involving multiple distinct molecular targets rather than one canonical molecule or druggable entity[2][5].

Other names

Hunger hormoneSatiety hormoneGut hormone (generic)Appetite-related gut hormone (generic)