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Arabinosyl transferase
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Glycosyltransferase
01
Overview
Arabinosyl transferases (EmbA, EmbB, and EmbC) are membrane-bound enzymes in *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* that catalyze the polymerization of arabinose residues to form arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan, essential components of the mycobacterial cell wall. Ethambutol inhibits these enzymes, disrupting cell wall synthesis and leading to a bacteriostatic effect.
- Other names
- EmbAEmbBEmbC
02
Mechanism of action
Ethambutol inhibits arabinosyl transferases (EmbA, EmbB, and EmbC), blocking the formation of arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan, increasing cell wall permeability, disrupting mycolic acid attachment, and leading to bacteriostasis.
03
Biological functions
Polymerization of arabinose unitsArabinogalactan synthesisLipoarabinomannan synthesisCell wall biosynthesisMaintenance of cell wall integrity
04
Disease associations
InfectionTuberculosis
05
Safety considerations
Emergence of resistance mutations in embCAB operonNeed for combination therapy to prevent resistance
06
Interacting drugs
Ethambutol
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