Target intelligence / Profile preview

Arabinosyltransferase A (embA)

Target: embA
Molecular classification: Enzyme, Glycosyltransferase, Arabinofuranosyltransferase

Overview

Arabinosyltransferase A (embA) is an essential enzyme in mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis, responsible for the polymerization of arabinose into the arabinan domain of arabinogalactan, a crucial component of the mycobacterial cell wall. It functions as a validated drug target, with inhibition leading to cessation of cell wall biosynthesis. Ethambutol, a first-line anti-tuberculosis drug, targets this enzyme and related arabinosyltransferases.

Mechanism of action

Inhibition of arabinosyltransferase activity, leading to disruption of cell wall biosynthesis

Biological functions

Cell wall biosynthesisArabinan polymerizationArabinogalactan synthesisLipoarabinomannan (LAM) synthesis

Disease associations

InfectionTuberculosis

Safety considerations

Essentiality in M. tuberculosis makes complete inhibition potentially lethal to the organism; resistance can develop via mutations in related genes (e.g., embB)

Interacting drugs

Ethambutol

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