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Arachidonic Acid Catabolism (Prostaglandin Synthesis)
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme Pathway, Metabolic Pathway
01
Overview
Arachidonic acid catabolism, specifically through the prostaglandin synthesis pathway, is the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. This process is central to inflammation, vascular homeostasis, and many physiological responses. The pathway involves the release of arachidonic acid by phospholipase A2, followed by conversion via cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) and terminal synthases into various prostaglandins, each with distinct biological effects. Dysregulation is implicated in diseases like arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
- Other names
- Prostaglandin Synthesis PathwayArachidonic Acid MetabolismCOX PathwayProstanoid Synthesis
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, blocking prostaglandin production.
03
Biological functions
Inflammation regulationVasodilation/vasoconstrictionPlatelet aggregationPain sensationFever generationSmooth muscle contractionGastric mucosal protectionImmune response
04
Disease associations
InflammationCardiovascular diseaseArthritisCancerPain
05
Safety considerations
Gastrointestinal bleeding (with non-selective NSAIDs)Cardiovascular risk (with some COX-2 inhibitors)Kidney damage (with chronic NSAID use)Reye's syndrome (aspirin in children)
06
Interacting drugs
NSAIDs (e.g., Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen)
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Prostaglandin levels (e.g., PGE2, TXA2)COX-2 expression levels
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