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Arachidonic Acid Pathway Enzymes (AA Pathway Enzymes)
- Target
- AA Pathway Enzymes
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme
01
Overview
Arachidonic acid pathway enzymes are a group of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid released from membrane phospholipids. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of AA into various bioactive lipid mediators, collectively known as eicosanoids, which play crucial roles in inflammation, immunity, cardiovascular function, and other physiological and pathological processes. Key enzymes include phospholipase A2 (PLA2), cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), lipoxygenases (ALOX5, ALOX12, ALOX15), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Products of these pathways regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and fibrosis, and are implicated in various diseases. These enzymes are major drug targets for treating inflammatory disorders.
- Other names
- Eicosanoid Pathway EnzymesArachidonate Cascade Enzymes
02
Mechanism of action
Enzyme inhibition, receptor antagonism, modulation of enzymatic activity
03
Biological functions
Arachidonic acid metabolismEicosanoid synthesisInflammationImmune responseVascular tone regulationPain signalingPlatelet aggregationCell proliferationDifferentiationApoptosisFibrosis
04
Disease associations
InflammationCardiovascular diseaseCancerDiabetes mellitus type IIObesity-related complicationsAsthmaArthritisKidney disordersLiver disorders
05
Safety considerations
Gastrointestinal issues (NSAIDs)Cardiovascular risks (COX-2 inhibitors)Drug interactionsOff-target effects
06
Interacting drugs
NSAIDs
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