Arginine vasopressin V1b receptor (AVPR1B)

The arginine vasopressin V1b receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor encoded by the AVPR1B gene, principally located in pituitary corticotrophs and various brain regions[1][7]. It binds the neurohypophyseal peptide arginine vasopressin (AVP), mediating its central role in regulating the HPA axis—specifically, facilitating the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary upon AVP stimulation[1][5][7]. AVPR1B signaling is crucial for the physiological stress response, metabolic homeostasis (water, glucose, salt balance), and various neuroendocrine pathways[1][4]. Clinical and preclinical studies have implicated AVPR1B antagonists as promising therapeutic agents in depression and anxiety, particularly for patients exhibiting HPA axis dysregulation[2][4]. AVPR1B is also notably expressed in certain endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors (e.g., ACTH-secreting adenomas)[1]. Its pharmacology is characterized by both peptide and non-peptide agonists/antagonists, with ongoing drug development for neuropsychiatric and hormonal disorders[8].

Other names

Vasopressin V1b receptorVasopressin 3 receptor (VPR3)Antidiuretic hormone receptor 1BAVPR1B

Antagonism of AVPR1B inhibits HPA axis overactivity, reducing ACTH secretion and downstream cortisol release (useful in depression and anxiety) Agonists stimulate ACTH release via pituitary interaction