Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2)

Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is a phase II drug-metabolizing enzyme responsible for the N-acetylation (and in some cases O-acetylation) of arylamine and hydrazine drugs, as well as various xenobiotic and carcinogenic substrates. NAT2 is highly polymorphic in humans, resulting in distinct acetylation phenotypes (rapid, intermediate, slow, and ultra-slow). This genetic variation significantly impacts drug response, toxicity, and susceptibility to certain cancers. NAT2 is primarily expressed in the liver and gut. Clinical relevance lies in its modulation of response to drugs such as isoniazid, hydralazine, and dapsone, making NAT2 genotype a useful biomarker for pharmacogenetic-guided therapy[3][4][5][6].

Other names

N-acetyltransferase 2NAT-2N-acetyltransferase type 2Arylamine N-acetyltransferase II

N-acetylation of aromatic amines and hydrazine derivatives, altering drug activity/toxicity[1][3][5]. Genetic polymorphisms result in slow, intermediate, or fast acetylator phenotypes, affecting drug efficacy and side-effect profiles[2][3].