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Astrocytic Glutamate Transporter (EAAT (Astrocytic))
- Target
- EAAT (Astrocytic)
- Molecular classification
- Transporter, SLC family, SLC1A2, SLC1A3
01
Overview
Astrocytic glutamate transporters, primarily GLT-1 (EAAT2) and GLAST (EAAT1), are essential for maintaining glutamate homeostasis in the central nervous system. They function as high-affinity sodium-dependent symporters, clearing excess glutamate from the synaptic cleft to prevent excitotoxicity and support neurotransmitter cycling. Dysfunction of these transporters is implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, making them potential therapeutic targets.
- Other names
- Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters (Astrocytic)GLT-1EAAT2GLASTEAAT1
02
Mechanism of action
Sodium-dependent glutamate symporter; clears extracellular L-glutamate.
03
Biological functions
Glutamate transportNeurotransmitter clearanceExcitotoxicity preventionGlutamate-glutamine cycleSynaptic plasticity regulationHomeostasis
04
Disease associations
EpilepsyAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)Alzheimer's DiseaseSchizophreniaStrokeAlcohol Use DisorderNeurodegenerative DiseasesPsychiatric Disorders
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effectsComplex regulation requiring careful considerationDownregulation leading to excitotoxicity
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