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ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 5 (ABCA5)
- Target
- ABCA5
- Molecular classification
- Transporter, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, Cholesterol transporter
01
Overview
ABCA5 (ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 5) is a membrane-associated transporter belonging to the ABC transporter superfamily, specifically the ABCA subfamily, found only in multicellular eukaryotes. It mediates transmembrane transport of lipids, notably cholesterol, and is thought to play roles in cholesterol efflux, lysosomal function, and homeostasis. ABCA5 is expressed in several tissues, including the brain, heart, thyroid gland, and various cancer types, and is implicated in processes such as multidrug resistance in tumor cells, congenital hypertrichosis, and possibly neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. The exact substrates and physiological roles of ABCA5 are incompletely defined, but loss- or gain-of-function mutations cause notable clinical phenotypes and may alter risk or progression of certain cancers and metabolic conditions.
- Other names
- ABCA5ABC13ATP-binding cassette A5HTC3Cholesterol transporter ABCA5
02
Mechanism of action
Efflux of xenobiotics and metabolites via ATP hydrolysis; Mediating drug resistance by transporting drugs out of cells; Regulation of cholesterol and lipid trafficking within the lysosomes and plasma membrane
03
Biological functions
Transmembrane transport of lipids and sterolsCholesterol efflux and homeostasisATP hydrolysis-coupled transportLysosomal function and lipid metabolismDrug efflux and multidrug resistance
04
Disease associations
Cancer (especially in chemoresistance mechanisms and stem cell function)Congenital hypertrichosisLysosomal/lysosomal storage disease-like rolesNeurodegenerative diseases (putative, e.g., possible roles in Alzheimer’s disease)Cardiovascular disease (e.g., potential involvement in cardiomyopathy)
05
Safety considerations
Potential multidrug resistance in cancer treatmentUnknown substrate and incomplete functional characterization creates uncertainty in targetingPossible lysosomal dysfunction if activity is perturbed
06
Interacting drugs
Specific direct drugs for ABCA5 itself are not well documented.
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Putative biomarker for tumor stem cells in osteosarcoma and mesotheliomaDiagnostic/prognostic marker in colorectal and other cancers (high expression linked to better survival in colorectal cancer)Biomarker for congenital hypertrichosis terminalis
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