ATP-binding cassette transporter G member 2 (ABCG2)

ATP-binding cassette transporter G member 2 (ABCG2), also known as Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), is a membrane-bound half-transporter from the G subfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters[1][2]. This protein functions primarily as an efflux pump, utilizing ATP hydrolysis to export a wide range of substrates, including chemotherapeutic drugs, porphyrins, steroids, and other xenobiotics, out of cells[1][2][5]. ABCG2 is implicated in multidrug resistance in various cancers, affecting the absorption, distribution, and elimination of numerous pharmaceuticals[1][2]. In addition to its role in cancer, ABCG2 participates in physiological processes such as porphyrin homeostasis, and genetic variants have been linked to disorders such as gout[5]. It represents an important therapeutic target for overcoming drug resistance and modulating drug bioavailability.

Other names

Breast cancer resistance proteinBCRPATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2

Drug efflux (active transport of drugs out of cells via ATP hydrolysis) Limiting intracellular concentration of chemotherapeutics Modulating absorption and distribution of drugs