ATP synthase membrane subunit g (ATP5MG)

ATP synthase membrane subunit g (ATP5MG) is a minor yet essential component of the mitochondrial F0 complex, which forms part of the multi-subunit mitochondrial ATP synthase (Complex V) responsible for synthesizing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate during oxidative phosphorylation[1][2][3]. ATP5MG is anchored in the inner mitochondrial membrane as part of the proton channel (F0 domain) and likely participates in stabilization, assembly, or regulation of the ATP synthase complex. Mutations in ATP5MG and its related genes can result in mitochondrial diseases marked by disrupted ATP synthesis and energy deficiency. While not typically a standalone drug target, the broader ATP synthase complex can be inhibited by compounds like oligomycin, which impede proton translocation, block ATP production, and cause cellular metabolic collapse if administered systemically[2][3]. ATP5MG is conserved and structurally critical in both normal mitochondrial bioenergetics and in pathologies involving impaired oxidative phosphorylation.

Other names

ATP synthase subunit g 2, mitochondrialATP5MGLATP5K2ATP5L2ATPase subunit g 2dJ222E13.5ATP synthase membrane subunit g-like proteinATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F0 complex, subunit G2 pseudogeneputative ATP synthase subunit g 2, mitochondrial

Drugs like oligomycin inhibit ATP synthase by blocking proton flow through the F0 complex, preventing ATP synthesis[2].