Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Receptor (ANP receptor)

The atrial natriuretic peptide receptor (ANP receptor) family mediates the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a cardiac hormone regulating blood pressure, blood volume, and sodium balance. The main functional receptor, NPR-A (GC-A), possesses guanylyl cyclase activity. Other subtypes include NPR-B (GC-B), which primarily binds C-type natriuretic peptide, and NPR-C, a clearance receptor lacking guanylyl cyclase activity. Activation of NPR-A increases cGMP, leading to vasodilation, natriuresis, diuresis, and inhibition of renin secretion, ultimately lowering blood pressure and cardiac workload. Variants/mutations in this pathway are linked to cardiovascular diseases, and ANP levels are used as biomarkers for heart failure.

Other names

Natriuretic peptide receptor ANatriuretic peptide receptor BNatriuretic peptide receptor CNPR-ANPR-BNPR-CGC-AGC-BNPR1NPR2NPR3

Stimulation of intracellular guanylate cyclase activity to convert GTP to cGMP, leading to activation of protein kinase G and downstream effects like smooth muscle relaxation and increased sodium excretion.