Attractin-like protein 1 (ATRNL1)

Attractin-like protein 1 (ATRNL1) is a highly conserved type I transmembrane glycoprotein implicated in multiple biological processes including cell adhesion, cell signaling, energy homeostasis, and regulation of cellular stress response[1][2]. It is predicted to participate in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways and may influence melanocortin signaling[1][4]. ATRNL1 is essential for normal human development; heterozygous deletion in humans leads to congenital anomalies and neurodevelopmental syndromes, while knockout in mice shows functional redundancy with the related gene, ATRN[1][2]. In the heart, ATRNL1 is predominantly expressed in cardiomyocytes, localizing to intercalated disks and modulating cardiac action potentials, with overexpression implicated in atrial fibrillation, suggesting its eligibility as a therapeutic target for arrhythmias[2]. ATRNL1 also plays a role in tumor suppression, with circular RNAs derived from ATRNL1 (circATRNL1) regulating apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer by sponging oncogenic microRNAs[1][2]. Epigenetic silencing and downregulation of ATRNL1 are associated with cancer progression, and mutations in ATRNL1 affect autoimmune disease susceptibility and metabolic traits in model organisms[1]. No directly approved drugs currently target ATRNL1, but it is emerging as a potential therapeutic and diagnostic candidate in cardiac arrhythmias and selected cancers[2].

Other names

ATRNL1Attractin-like 1KIAA0534FLJ45344ALPbA338L11.1bA454H24.1

Not established for specific drugs. Modulation of cell signaling, gene expression, and cellular stress. Tumor suppressor actions via microRNA sponging (circATRNL1 in cancer)[1][2]