Autologous fibrin matrix (AFM)

Autologous fibrin matrix (AFM) is a biological scaffold derived from a patient's own blood, primarily composed of a polymerized fibrin network that mimics the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) (PMID: 28934171). It is typically produced by centrifuging autologous blood to concentrate fibrinogen and platelets, which, upon activation by thrombin, form a stable three-dimensional structure (StatPearls: Wound Healing). This matrix acts as a reservoir for essential growth factors, such as Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) and Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta), facilitating their sustained release to promote angiogenesis and tissue regeneration (PMID: 30635135). Clinically, it is employed to treat chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, and in oral surgery to enhance bone and soft tissue healing (NIH: NCT03438305). Because the material is autologous, it avoids the risks of immunogenicity and transfusion-transmitted infections associated with allogeneic fibrin glues (PMID: 22430692). The matrix also facilitates the migration of fibroblasts and endothelial cells, which are essential for the formation of granulation tissue. In clinical practice, it is often prepared at the point of care, allowing for immediate application to surgical sites or wound beds. Its mechanical properties and degradation rate can be modulated by adjusting the concentration of components or adding antifibrinolytic agents like tranexamic acid.

Other names

Platelet-rich fibrinPRFLeukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrinL-PRFAutologous fibrin scaffoldAutologous fibrin glue

Acts as a three-dimensional structural scaffold that facilitates cell migration and adhesion while serving as a sustained-release vehicle for endogenous growth factors and cytokines (PMID: 30635135).