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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)
- Target
- IBV
- Molecular classification
- Other (whole virus/coronavirus), Spike glycoprotein (S), S1 subunit, S2 subunit, Envelope protein (E), Membrane glycoprotein (M), Nucleocapsid protein (N)
01
Overview
Avian infectious bronchitis virus is an enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of approximately 27 kb, responsible for acute and highly contagious respiratory, renal, and reproductive disease in poultry. Its genome encodes structural proteins (Spike, Membrane, Envelope, Nucleocapsid) and nonstructural proteins essential for replication and immune evasion. The Spike glycoprotein, especially the S1 subunit, mediates host cell attachment and determines host and tissue tropism, carrying the main antigenic epitopes. IBV exhibits high genetic diversity due to mutations and recombination, complicating disease control and vaccine design.
- Other names
- Infectious bronchitis virusIBVAvian coronavirus
02
Mechanism of action
Vaccines: Induce neutralizing antibodies against viral spike proteins, mainly S1 subunit. Antivirals (experimental): Inhibit viral RNA polymerase (NSPs), block S1-mediated entry/binding, or interfere with viral maturation.
03
Biological functions
InfectionImmune response evasionTissue tropism determination (via S1 subunit)Cell entry and fusion (via S protein)
04
Disease associations
Infection (Primary: causes avian infectious bronchitis in poultry)Direct involvement in respiratory, renal, and reproductive disease in birds
05
Safety considerations
High genetic variability and recombination make vaccine matching and control difficultRapid evolution and emergence of new genotypes/serotypes compromise the effectiveness of immunizationVaccines tend to lack cross-protection between divergent strains; need for continuous surveillance and updating
06
Interacting drugs
Vaccines (live attenuated or inactivated IBV strains)
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
S1 gene sequence/genotyping (for strain/lineage identification and monitoring vaccine efficacy)Serology (antibody titers against S protein for diagnosis and monitoring)
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