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Target intelligence / Profile preview
B- and T-lymphocyte Attenuator (BTLA)
- Target
- BTLA
- Molecular classification
- Type I transmembrane glycoprotein, Immunoglobulin superfamily receptor, Co-inhibitory receptor
01
Overview
B- and T-lymphocyte Attenuator (BTLA), also known as CD272, is a key co-inhibitory receptor expressed predominantly on lymphoid cells, including B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells. BTLA interacts with its ligand HVEM to deliver inhibitory signals that suppress lymphocyte activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. This interaction is crucial for maintaining peripheral tolerance, modulating inflammation, and preventing autoimmunity. BTLA contains ITIM/ITSM motifs that recruit SHP-1/SHP-2 phosphatases, inhibiting signaling downstream of the TCR/BCR. It also has a Grb2-binding motif that can mediate activating signals via PI3K. BTLA is implicated in cancer immunotherapy, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and transplantation rejection.
- Other names
- CD272BTLA1B- and T-lymphocyte-associated protein
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of T and B cell activation via SHP-1/SHP-2 recruitment; modulation of PI3K signaling via Grb2.
03
Biological functions
Immune checkpointCo-inhibitionTolerance maintenanceInflammation modulationRegulation of lymphocyte activationRegulation of cytokine production
04
Disease associations
CancerAutoimmune diseasesInfectious diseasesTransplantation rejection
05
Safety considerations
Blockade may lead to autoimmunity.Overexpression may contribute to immune exhaustion.
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