B-cell receptors and pattern-recognition receptors recognizing pneumococcal polysaccharides

The target group 'B-cell receptors and pattern-recognition receptors recognizing pneumococcal polysaccharides' represents the collective immune machinery required to sense and respond to the capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae. B-cell receptors (BCRs) on marginal zone and B-1b cells are the primary mediators of the T-cell-independent response, leading to the rapid production of protective IgM and IgG antibodies (Nature Reviews Immunology, 2015). Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as the C-type lectin receptor SIGN-R1 (or human DC-SIGN) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs), act as co-receptors that enhance antigen capture and provide necessary costimulatory signals for B-cell activation (Cell, 2003; Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2018). These receptors are the fundamental targets for all current pneumococcal vaccines, including polysaccharide (PPSV23) and conjugate (PCV13, PCV15, PCV20) formulations, which aim to induce high-affinity antibodies and immunological memory (CDC, 2023). Deficiencies in these receptor pathways significantly increase the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease, including pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. Consequently, therapeutic and prophylactic strategies focus on optimizing the engagement of these receptors to overcome the challenges of serotype diversity and age-related immune senescence (Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2014).

Other names

Pneumococcal polysaccharide receptorsPPS-recognizing receptorsB-cell and innate receptors for S. pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides

Vaccine-mediated activation of B-cell receptors and pattern-recognition receptors to induce the production of serotype-specific protective antibodies and stimulate innate immune signaling pathways.