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Target intelligence / Profile preview
B lymphocyte antigen CD19 (CD19)
- Target
- CD19
- Molecular classification
- Type I transmembrane glycoprotein, Immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), Receptor
01
Overview
CD19 is a 95 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein expressed exclusively on B cells from early pro-B cell stage through mature B cells, but is generally lost upon differentiation into plasma cells, with some conflicting recent findings. It functions as a crucial co-receptor with the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR), modulating signaling thresholds and enhancing responses to antigens. It is a validated therapeutic target in B-cell malignancies.
- Other names
- CD19 moleculeCluster of Differentiation 19B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-12CVID3
02
Mechanism of action
Monoclonal antibody therapies bind to CD19, inducing cell death through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), or direct apoptosis. CAR-T cell therapies genetically modify T cells to express a receptor targeting CD19, leading to targeted killing of CD19-expressing cells.
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionImmune responseB-cell activationAntibody productionAntigen presentationCell proliferationB cell differentiation
04
Disease associations
LeukemiaLymphomaAutoimmune diseasesImmunodeficiencyCancer
05
Safety considerations
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) with CAR-T cell therapyOn-target, off-tumor toxicity with CAR-T cell therapyB-cell aplasiaHypogammaglobulinemia
06
Interacting drugs
Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibodies
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
CD19 expression level for diagnosis and prognosis in B-cell malignanciesCD19 expression for patient selection for CAR-T cell therapy
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