B vitamin (None (collectively sometimes referred to as "B-complex" or "vitamin B complex," but no single standard abbreviation for the group))

The term **“B vitamins” refers collectively to eight chemically distinct water-soluble compounds that act primarily as cofactors and coenzymes in numerous essential metabolic processes throughout the body. These include thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin/nicotinamide/nicotinic acid/nicotinamide riboside derivatives collectively known as vitamin B3, pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), pyridoxal/pyridoxamine/pyridoxine forms grouped under vitamin B6, biotin/vitamin H/vitamin I/VH/VBIOTIN/VITAMIN BIOTIN/VITAMIN H/H-VITAMIN/H-BIOTIN/HBIOTIN/BIOTINE/COENZYME R/COSYME R/COSYMER/R-VITAMINE/RVITAMINE/R VITAMINE/R VITA/MULTIVITA/MULTIVITE/MULTIVITES/MULTIVITS/MULTI-VITA/MULTI-VITE/MULTI-VITES/FOLIC ACID/FOLATE/PTEROYLGLUTAMIC ACID/PTEROYLGLUTAMATE/PGA/PTEGluA/PTGluA/PTGlu/PTGlutamic Acid/PTGlutamate/PTGA/PTGAA/PTGAACOBALMINS/COBALMINES/COBALMINS/CYANOCOMALBIN/CYANOCOMALBINUM/CYANOCOMALBUMEN/CYANOCOMALBUMINS/CYNACOBALMINES) known collectively under biotin/vitamin H designation; folates including pteroylglutamic acids grouped under “folate” or “folic acid” designation representing all naturally occurring forms plus synthetic supplement form respectively designated “vitamins”; cyanocobalamins/methylcobalamins/hydroxocobalamins/adencylcobolamines grouped together under “cobalamins” designation representing all naturally occurring/supplemental forms respectively designated “vitamins.” Each member plays unique roles supporting cellular energy production from macronutrients; nucleic acids/protein/fatty-acid biosynthesis/metabolism; red blood cell formation; nervous system health/functioning among others. Deficiencies result in characteristic clinical syndromes depending on which specific member(s) is lacking.[1][4][5]

Other names

Vitamin B complexB-group vitaminsB-complex vitamins

As nutrients/cofactors/coenzymes required for the proper functioning of various enzymes involved in metabolic pathways—do not act via binding to classical drug targets like receptors/enzymes/transcription factors themselves but enable their activity by being incorporated into active sites or facilitating chemical transformations within those proteins. Therapeutic supplementation corrects deficiencies that impair these processes.