Bacterial 30S Ribosomal Subunit S12 Protein (S12)

The S12 protein is an essential component of the small (30S) subunit of the bacterial ribosome. It plays a central role in maintaining translational accuracy during protein synthesis by interacting with both ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) and other ribosomal proteins. Mutations at its interface can lead to hyperaccurate ribosomes or resistance/sensitivity to antibiotics like streptomycin. It is a target for aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Other names

Small ribosomal subunit protein uS1230S ribosomal protein S12

Aminoglycosides bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit, interfering with tRNA selection and causing misreading of mRNA, ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Mutations in S12 can alter the binding affinity of these antibiotics.