Bacterial Biofilm Matrix (EPS/ECM)

The bacterial biofilm matrix is a complex extracellular structure produced by bacteria that provides structural integrity and protection to the biofilm community. It is composed of polysaccharides, proteins (including curli fibers, flagella, and pilin), extracellular DNA (eDNA), and lipids/lipoproteins. The matrix mediates surface attachment, protects against environmental stressors and antimicrobials, facilitates horizontal gene transfer, and modulates local microenvironments. Its composition varies depending on the bacterial species and environmental conditions, such as nutrient availability and shear stress. Targeting the biofilm matrix is a promising strategy for combating bacterial infections, particularly chronic and device-related infections.

Other names

Extracellular Polymeric SubstanceExtracellular Matrix (Biofilm)Biofilm Matrix

Disruption of matrix structure; degradation of matrix components; inhibition of matrix synthesis; enhanced antibiotic penetration.