Bacterial metabolism in oral biofilm

The bacterial metabolism in oral biofilm describes the diverse and dynamic metabolic activities carried out by microorganisms within a complex three-dimensional extracellular matrix on oral surfaces. These metabolic processes include the breakdown of dietary carbohydrates and host substrates, synthesis of extracellular polymers, and production of metabolic byproducts (e.g., acids such as lactic acid, butyrate) that influence oral ecology, biofilm architecture, and pathogenesis. Bacterial metabolic interactions include mutualistic cross-feeding, metabolic syntrophy, and competitive inhibition, shaping the composition and function of the biofilm community and impacting host immune responses and tissue health. Disrupting or modulating these metabolic networks is a major focus of novel therapeutic strategies for preventing and managing oral diseases, especially with the rise of antibiotic resistance and the need to preserve beneficial oral microbiota.

Other names

Oral biofilm metabolismDental plaque metabolismMicrobial metabolism in oral biofilmMetabolic activities of oral plaque bacteria

Inhibition of metabolic enzyme activity (e.g., suppression of EPS synthesis by targeting glucosyltransferases) Disruption of biofilm matrix Modulation of bacterial metabolism (alkali production, acid neutralization, cross-feeding) Quorum sensing interference Competitive exclusion by beneficial bacteria