Bet v 1-specific B-cell receptor (Bet v 1-BCR)

The Bet v 1-specific B-cell receptor (BCR) is a membrane-bound immunoglobulin complex expressed on the surface of B lymphocytes that specifically recognizes and binds to Bet v 1, the primary allergen in birch pollen (Betula verrucosa) (UniProt: P15494). In sensitized individuals, these receptors are predominantly of the IgE isotype, and their activation by allergen cross-linking triggers B-cell differentiation into IgE-secreting plasma cells, which perpetuates the allergic cascade (Valenta et al., 2019; PubMed: 31107414). This receptor plays a central role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and pollen-food allergy syndrome, where cross-reactivity with homologous proteins in fruits occurs (Gadermaier et al., 2004; PubMed: 15242831). Therapeutic strategies targeting this receptor include allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), which aims to reprogram the B-cell response toward a tolerant state characterized by the production of protective IgG4 antibodies (Shamji & Durham, 2017; PubMed: 28233464). Emerging treatments also explore the use of recombinant allergens or hypoallergenic derivatives to modulate BCR signaling while minimizing the risk of anaphylaxis (Cromwell et al., 2011; PubMed: 21486330).

Other names

Birch pollen allergen-specific B-cell receptorBet v 1-reactive B-cell receptorAnti-Bet v 1 B-cell receptorBet v 1-binding B-cell receptor

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) modulates the Bet v 1-specific B-cell receptor response by inducing a class switch from IgE to IgG4 and promoting the development of regulatory B cells (Bregs) that secrete IL-10. This process leads to the production of blocking antibodies that prevent allergen-induced mast cell degranulation (Shamji & Durham, 2017; PubMed: 28233464).