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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Beta-Amyloid A4 Protein Precursor (APP)
- Target
- APP
- Molecular classification
- Type I transmembrane protein, Cell surface receptor
01
Overview
Beta-amyloid A4 protein precursor (APP) is an integral membrane glycoprotein highly expressed in many tissues, especially at neuronal synapses. It functions as a cell surface receptor involved in neurite growth, neuronal adhesion, synapse formation, and repair, and is the precursor protein from which amyloid-beta peptides are generated via proteolytic processing by secretases. Aberrant APP processing and accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease.
- Other names
- Amyloid Precursor ProteinAPPAPPIAlzheimer disease amyloid protein precursorPreA4PN-II
02
Mechanism of action
Modulation of secretase activity (α-, β-, γ-secretases) to alter APP processing and Aβ production.
03
Biological functions
Cell adhesionReceptor activityNeurite outgrowthSynaptic plasticityAnterograde axonal transportIron export
04
Disease associations
Alzheimer’s diseaseCerebral amyloidosisDown syndrome
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects on other secretase substratesComplex processing pathways with multiple potential toxic fragmentsUnintended consequences of altering APP processing on other physiological functions
06
Biomarkers
Amyloid beta (Aβ) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)Amyloid beta (Aβ) PET imagingsAPPα levelssAPPβ levels
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