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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 (BHMT)
- Target
- BHMT
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Methyltransferase, Zinc metalloenzyme
01
Overview
Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 (BHMT) is a zinc-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from betaine to homocysteine, forming methionine and dimethylglycine. This reaction is crucial for maintaining homocysteine levels and supporting methylation processes. BHMT is highly expressed in the liver and provides an alternative route for homocysteine remethylation when folate-dependent pathways are limited. Defects in BHMT can lead to hyperhomocysteinemia, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Other names
- Betaine-Homocysteine MethyltransferaseBHMT1
02
Mechanism of action
BHMT catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from betaine to homocysteine, converting homocysteine to methionine. It utilizes a zinc cofactor and follows an ordered bi-bi mechanism where homocysteine binds first, followed by betaine.
03
Biological functions
Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from betaine to homocysteineHomocysteine remethylationOne-carbon metabolismMethionine synthesisCholine degradation
04
Disease associations
HyperhomocysteinemiaSpina BifidaCardiovascular diseaseNeural tube defects
05
Safety considerations
Elevated homocysteine levels due to BHMT deficiency or reduced functionPotential impact on methylation processes throughout the body
06
Biomarkers
Homocysteine levelsBHMT enzyme activity
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