Taste Receptor Type 2 (TAS2R)

TAS2Rs are a family of G protein-coupled receptors primarily responsible for detecting bitter compounds. They are expressed in taste receptor cells, as well as extraoral tissues like the gut and airways, where they mediate responses to nutrients or inhaled substances. TAS2Rs are involved in taste perception, defense against toxins, and possibly other physiological processes. Genetic polymorphisms contribute to individual differences in bitter taste sensitivity.

Other names

Bitter taste receptorT2R

Agonist binding to TAS2R initiates a G protein-mediated signaling cascade involving PLCβ₂ activation, IP₃ production, Ca²⁺ release, and subsequent ATP release via CALHM1/3 channels, ultimately leading to nerve stimulation. Some pathways may also involve PDE activation and cAMP reduction.