Blomia tropicalis allergen (Blo t)

Blomia tropicalis allergens are a diverse group of proteins produced by the tropical house dust mite, which is a primary source of indoor allergens in tropical and subtropical regions (Caraballo et al., 2020). These allergens, including major components like Blo t 5 and Blo t 21, are potent triggers of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions (WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature). They contribute significantly to the development and exacerbation of allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (UniProt). In clinical practice, these allergens are utilized as therapeutic targets in allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), where controlled exposure aims to desensitize the patient's immune system and induce long-term immunological tolerance (Gao et al., 2021). The molecular functions of these allergens vary, ranging from cysteine protease activity (Blo t 1) to lipid binding (Blo t 2), which can further enhance their pro-inflammatory effects by disrupting epithelial barriers and facilitating immune activation (Caraballo et al., 2020).

Other names

Tropical house dust mite allergenBlo t allergensBlomia tropicalis antigen

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) involves the administration of increasing doses of the allergen to induce peripheral T-cell tolerance, increase the production of regulatory cytokines like IL-10 and TGF-beta, and promote the synthesis of allergen-specific IgG4 antibodies that block IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation (Gao et al., 2021).