Blood viscosity and hemorheology (BV)

Blood viscosity and hemorheology refer to the physical properties and flow behavior of blood, which functions as a non-Newtonian fluid within the circulatory system (StatPearls, NBK554414). The viscosity of blood is primarily determined by the hematocrit, plasma viscosity, and the mechanical properties of red blood cells, such as their ability to deform and aggregate (PubMed, PMID: 15605111). In clinical settings, hemorheology is a critical determinant of microvascular perfusion; increased viscosity can lead to sluggish blood flow, increased vascular resistance, and a higher risk of thrombotic events (NIH, PMC3510451). Conditions like sickle cell disease, polycythemia vera, and Waldenström macroglobulinemia are characterized by severe hyperviscosity that impairs tissue oxygenation. Therapeutic interventions targeting blood viscosity, such as the administration of pentoxifylline or hydroxyurea, aim to improve blood flow by enhancing erythrocyte flexibility or reducing the concentration of pro-aggregatory proteins like fibrinogen (PubChem, CID 4740). Consequently, managing hemorheological parameters is vital for treating peripheral vascular diseases and preventing complications in hyperviscosity-related disorders.

Other names

Whole blood viscosityPlasma viscosityBlood rheologyErythrocyte deformabilityErythrocyte aggregation

Reduction of blood flow resistance through the enhancement of red blood cell deformability and the inhibition of erythrocyte and platelet aggregation (StatPearls, NBK554414).