Body fluid electrolyte balance

Body fluid electrolyte balance refers to the tightly regulated physiological state in which the concentrations of major ions (sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, calcium, phosphate) and water are maintained within narrow limits in the body’s extracellular and intracellular compartments. This is accomplished primarily by the kidneys, under hormonal control (notably antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin, aldosterone, and others), as well as by osmoreceptors and baroreceptors that detect changes in fluid volume and composition. Regulation is essential for homeostasis, supporting normal cell function, nerve conduction, cardiac rhythm, blood pressure, and pH. Dysregulation leads to common and clinically significant electrolyte and fluid disorders, such as dehydration, edema, and acid-base imbalances[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].

Other names

Fluid and electrolyte balanceElectrolyte homeostasisBody fluid homeostasis

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