Bone cells and tissues

Bone cells and tissues represent the structural and metabolic framework of the vertebrate skeleton, consisting of a specialized connective tissue with a mineralized extracellular matrix. This system is maintained by a dynamic process called remodeling, which involves the coordinated action of osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells), and osteocytes (mechanosensing cells embedded in the matrix) [1][2]. Beyond providing mechanical support and protecting internal organs, bone tissues play a critical role in mineral homeostasis, particularly for calcium and phosphate, and house the bone marrow for hematopoiesis [1]. Pathological conditions arise when the balance between bone resorption and formation is disrupted, leading to disorders such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and various bone cancers [3]. Pharmacological treatments for bone-related conditions typically target specific molecular pathways within these cells, such as the RANK/RANKL/OPG axis or the Wnt/Sclerostin signaling pathway, to modulate bone density and quality [3][4].

Other names

Skeletal tissueOsseous tissueBone matrixOsteocytesOsteoblastsOsteoclasts

Drugs targeting bone tissues generally act by inhibiting osteoclast activity (antiresorptives), stimulating osteoblast activity (anabolics), or modulating the signaling pathways that regulate bone remodeling, such as the RANKL/RANK and Wnt/beta-catenin pathways [3][4].