Bone morphogenetic protein 5 (BMP5)

Bone morphogenetic protein 5 is a secreted growth factor within the TGF-β superfamily, encoded by the BMP5 gene in humans. It is primarily recognized for its role in the induction of bone and cartilage formation, as well as in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of various cell types, especially during development and tissue repair. BMP5 exerts its biological effects by binding to specific cell surface receptors (BMPR1A and BMPR2), initiating a signaling cascade through phosphorylation of SMAD proteins and, in some contexts, activating the MAPK pathway. It is expressed in tissues such as trabecular meshwork, optic nerve head, lung, and liver, and may play roles in disease processes including tumorigenesis and glaucoma. Abnormal BMP5 function is implicated in skeletal, ocular, and certain cancer-related pathologies[1][2][3][4][8].

Other names

BMP-5BMP 5

Not applicable for direct drugs; as a target, BMP5 functions by binding to type I and type II BMP receptors, triggering SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation and gene regulation (canonical SMAD pathway); it may also signal through the MAPK p38 pathway[2][4][5].