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Botulinum Neurotoxin B (BoNT/B)
- Target
- BoNT/B
- Molecular classification
- Neurotoxin, Metalloprotease, SNARE protease
01
Overview
Botulinum neurotoxin B (BoNT/B) is a highly potent neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium *Clostridium botulinum*. It causes flaccid paralysis by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions. BoNT/B functions as a zinc-dependent metalloprotease that cleaves VAMP/synaptobrevin, a SNARE protein critical for synaptic vesicle fusion. While extremely toxic, purified forms are used therapeutically for conditions involving muscle overactivity and cosmetically for reducing wrinkles.
02
Mechanism of action
Blocks acetylcholine release via cleavage of VAMP/synaptobrevin, a SNARE protein, at the neuromuscular junction.
03
Biological functions
Inhibition of neurotransmitter releaseFlaccid paralysisSynaptic vesicle fusion inhibition
04
Disease associations
BotulismMuscle overactivity disorders (dystonia, spasticity)
05
Safety considerations
Systemic botulismRespiratory failureCardiac failureOverdoseAntibody formation leading to treatment resistance
06
Interacting drugs
Botulinum toxin type B injections (various brands)
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