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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A (BoNT/A)
- Target
- BoNT/A
- Molecular classification
- Neurotoxin, Enzyme, Metalloprotease, SNARE protease
01
Overview
Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) is a potent neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium *Clostridium botulinum*. It inhibits acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions by cleaving SNAP-25, a SNARE protein, resulting in muscle relaxation/paralysis. It is used therapeutically for dystonia, spasticity, chronic migraine, overactive bladder, and hyperhidrosis, as well as cosmetically for wrinkle reduction. Systemic toxicity (botulism) is a significant safety concern.
- Other names
- BotoxDysportXeominOnabotulinumtoxinAAbobotulinumtoxinAIncobotulinumtoxinA
02
Mechanism of action
Cleaves SNAP-25, a SNARE protein, preventing acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions and autonomic nerve endings.
03
Biological functions
Inhibition of neurotransmitter releaseMuscle paralysisAutonomic nerve inhibition
04
Disease associations
DystoniaSpasticityChronic migraineOveractive bladderHyperhidrosisCosmetic wrinkle reductionBotulism (toxicity)
05
Safety considerations
Botulism (systemic toxicity)Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)Muscle weaknessAllergic reactionsSpread of toxin effect beyond injection siteAntibody formation (resistance to treatment)
06
Interacting drugs
Neuromuscular blocking agents (enhance effects)
3 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
EMG (electromyography) for assessing muscle activityClinical assessment of symptom improvement
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