Bovine rotavirus A (RVA (bovine strains))

Bovine rotavirus A is a species within the Rotavirus genus of the Sedoreoviridae family, Reoviridae, characterized by a non-enveloped, triple-layered icosahedral capsid approximately 100 nm in diameter enclosing 11 segments of linear double-stranded RNA genome totaling about 18,555 bp.[1][4][5] The virion features an inner core of VP2 surrounding the genome with embedded VP1 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) and VP3 (capping enzyme), a middle layer of VP6 trimers defining group A specificity, and an outer layer of VP7 glycoprotein and protease-sensitive VP4 spikes responsible for host cell attachment and entry.[1][3][5] Bovine strains, such as NCDV (G6P[6] or G6P[1]) and RF, primarily infect young calves via fecal-oral transmission, causing severe dehydrating diarrhea through NSP4-mediated enterotoxin effects disrupting calcium homeostasis and tight junctions.[1][2][11] These viruses are classified by VP7 (G-type, e.g., G5, G6, G10 in bovine) and VP4 (P-type) genotypes, with reassortment driving diversity.[2][3][8] While not a direct molecular target like receptors or enzymes, bovine rotavirus A serves as a key veterinary pathogen and source of strains (e.g., NCDV-Lincoln) for human rotavirus vaccines like Rotarix and RotaTeq due to cross-protective immunity.[1][5] No small-molecule antivirals directly target it; prevention relies on vaccination.[1][5]

Other names

Bovine RVAGroup A rotavirus (bovine)NCDV strainRF strainKJ44 strainKJ75 strain