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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Butyric Acid Receptor
- Molecular classification
- G protein-coupled receptor
01
Overview
Butyric acid receptors are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that respond to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), primarily butyric acid. The main receptors are GPR43 (FFAR2) and GPR109A (HCAR2/NIACR1). These receptors are expressed in the gut epithelium, immune cells, adipose tissue, and skin, and mediate anti-inflammatory effects, maintain intestinal barrier integrity, and suppress tumor growth.
- Other names
- GPR43FFAR2Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2GPR109AHCAR2Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor 2NIACR1Niacin receptor 1
02
Mechanism of action
Binding of butyric acid or other SCFAs leads to conformational change, activation of heterotrimeric G proteins, and downstream signaling cascades that modulate gene expression related to inflammation control, epithelial integrity maintenance, immune response modulation, or apoptosis induction.
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionAnti-inflammationIntestinal barrier integrityTumor suppressionImmune response modulation
04
Disease associations
InflammationPsoriasisInflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)Colorectal cancerInfection
05
Safety considerations
Loss or downregulation of receptor expression is associated with increased susceptibility to inflammation-related diseases and colorectal cancer.
06
Interacting drugs
Sodium butyrate
4 more in the full profile.
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