C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11)

C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11) is a small inducible cytokine of the CXC chemokine family primarily involved in immune cell chemotaxis, especially attracting activated T cells through its high-affinity interaction with the chemokine receptor CXCR3. It is also a ligand for CXCR7, mediating alternative, nonclassical signaling. CXCL11 is induced by interferons (notably IFN-γ and IFN-β) and plays a major role in regulating lymphocyte movement, inflammation, and angiostasis. Aberrant expression of CXCL11 is associated with inflammation, tumorigenesis, chemoresistance, and prognosis in a broad range of cancers, with context-dependent effects that can either inhibit or support tumor growth depending on cell type, tumor microenvironment, and receptor expression. CXCL11 serves as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker in cancer and cardiovascular diseases, but its diverse roles make direct targeting therapeutically challenging.

Other names

Interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC)Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 9 (IP-9)b-R1H174SCYB11SCYB9B

Drugs that target this pathway generally act to block CXCR3 or CXCR7-mediated chemotaxis or downstream signaling, modulate immune cell migration, or impact the tumor microenvironment