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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Calcineurin Phosphatase Enzyme Complex (PP2B)
- Target
- PP2B
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Ser/Thr Protein Phosphatase
01
Overview
Calcineurin is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase, also known as protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) or protein phosphatase 3. It is a heterodimer composed of a catalytic subunit (CnA) and a regulatory subunit (CnB). Calcineurin plays pivotal roles in numerous physiological processes, including cell proliferation, development, apoptosis, and especially immune system regulation. Activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin binding, leading to dephosphorylation of NFAT transcription factors. It is a key target for immunosuppressive drugs like Cyclosporin A and FK506.
- Other names
- Protein Phosphatase 2BProtein Phosphatase 3
02
Mechanism of action
Forms complex with immunophilin (cyclophilin A or FKBP12) to inhibit calcineurin activity by blocking substrate access or altering conformation.
03
Biological functions
Immune response regulationCell proliferationDevelopmentApoptosisSignal transductionCell growthCell deathNeural functionCardiovascular functionMuscle function
04
Disease associations
Autoimmune diseasesTransplant rejectionOther
05
Safety considerations
Side effects due to broad tissue expression of calcineurinAdverse effects outside immune tissues
06
Interacting drugs
Cyclosporin A
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