Calcitonin gene-related peptide beta (CALCB)

Calcitonin gene-related peptide beta (CALCB) is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide hormone and member of the calcitonin family, distinct from the more widely studied alpha-CGRP by just three amino acids in humans[3][5]. It is primarily encoded by its own gene (CALCB) and acts through the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CALCRL) in complex with receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), forming a functionally unique receptor[3][5]. CALCB mediates potent vasodilatory and hypotensive effects in multiple tissues, notably participating in regulation of vascular homeostasis, blood pressure, and neurogenic inflammation. It acts as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator, especially prominent in sensory pathways including those underlying pain and migraine. CALCB expression is dynamically regulated in response to stress, inflammation, and differentiation signals across various tissues, and dysregulation is implicated in several conditions, including cardiovascular disease, migraine, inflammatory states, and some cancers[1][3]. CGRP pathway antagonists (gepants) are clinically significant for migraine therapy but require ongoing evaluation for possible cardiovascular and healing-related risks associated with chronic CGRP blockade[3][5].

Other names

Calcitonin-related polypeptide betaCALCBCalcitonin gene-related peptide IICGRP2Beta-type CGRPCGRP-IICALC2beta-CGRPFLJ30166

Competitive antagonism of CGRP receptor (CLR/RAMP1 complex) to block peptide binding; Inhibition of neurogenic vasodilation and pain transmission