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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Calcium Channel Protein Alpha1 Subunit (CACNA1)
- Target
- CACNA1
- Molecular classification
- Ion channel, Voltage-gated calcium channel, Transmembrane protein
01
Overview
The calcium channel protein alpha1 subunit is the principal pore-forming component of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). It mediates calcium influx in response to membrane depolarization and determines the channel's biophysical and pharmacological properties. Multiple isoforms exist (CaV1.x, CaV2.x, CaV3.x), each with distinct tissue distributions and functions. Accessory subunits modulate the alpha1 subunit's activity. Mutations in genes encoding alpha1 subunits are associated with various diseases.
- Other names
- Voltage-gated calcium channel alpha1 subunitCaVα1Alpha1 subunit of VGCC
02
Mechanism of action
Calcium channel blockade, reducing calcium influx into cells
03
Biological functions
Calcium ion transportMembrane depolarizationSignal transductionNeurotransmitter releaseMuscle contractionHormone secretionPacemakingNeuronal firing
04
Disease associations
Hypokalemic periodic paralysisMalignant hyperthermiaCardiac arrhythmiaNeurological disordersCardiovascular disease
05
Safety considerations
HypotensionBradycardiaCardiac arrestMuscle weaknessDrug interactions
06
Interacting drugs
Dihydropyridines (e.g., Nifedipine)
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