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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Calcium Channel Protein Subunit Alpha1 (CaVα1)
- Target
- CaVα1
- Molecular classification
- Ion channel, Voltage-gated calcium channel subunit
01
Overview
The calcium channel protein subunit alpha1 (CaVα1) is the primary pore-forming component of voltage-gated calcium channels. These channels mediate calcium influx into cells upon membrane depolarization, crucial for processes like muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and hormone secretion. Multiple isoforms (CaV1.x, CaV2.x, CaV3.x) exist with distinct tissue distributions and functions. The α₁ subunit forms the central pore, while auxiliary subunits (β, α₂δ, γ) modulate channel properties. Dysregulation or mutations in α₁ genes cause various diseases, including cardiac arrhythmias and periodic paralysis. Dihydropyridines block L-type channels and are used clinically for treating hypertension and arrhythmias.
- Other names
- Alpha1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channelsCACNA1 subunitsCaV1.x (L-type)CaV2.x (P/Q-, N-, R-type)CaV3.x (T-type)
02
Mechanism of action
Block calcium influx through voltage-gated calcium channels.
03
Biological functions
Calcium ion transmembrane transportRegulation of muscle contractionNeurotransmitter releaseHormone secretionGene expression regulationExcitation-contraction coupling
04
Disease associations
Timothy syndromeCardiac arrhythmiasHypokalemic periodic paralysisMalignant hyperthermiaNeuropsychiatric disorders
05
Safety considerations
Potential for cardiac side effects (e.g., bradycardia, hypotension)Drug interactions due to metabolismGenetic variability affecting drug response
06
Interacting drugs
Dihydropyridines
1 more in the full profile.
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