Calcium Homeostasis via Mineral Supplementation (None)

Calcium homeostasis refers to the tightly regulated process by which the body maintains stable levels of calcium in the blood and extracellular fluid. Mineral supplementation—primarily with calcium salts—is a common intervention to support or restore this balance, especially in populations at risk for deficiency. This regulation involves the gut, kidneys, bones, and hormones like PTH, calcitriol, and calcitonin, alongside receptors/transporters like CaSR, TRPV5, NCX1, and PMCA1b. Supplementation acts to provide an exogenous source of elemental calcium, raise serum ionized calcium and support bone mineralization.

Exogenous source of calcium to maintain adequate serum levels and support bone mineralization; vitamin D enhances absorption and utilization.