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Calpain-11 (CAPN11)

Target: CAPN11
Molecular classification: Enzyme, Calcium-dependent cysteine protease, EF-hand domain protein

Overview

Calpain-11 (CAPN11) is a member of the calpain family of intracellular, calcium-dependent cysteine proteases. It is characterized by EF-hand calcium-binding domains and is expressed highly specifically in the testis, particularly during pachytene spermatocyte development and in spermatozoa. The enzyme is implicated in calcium-dependent signal transduction, proteolysis of intracellular proteins, and cytoskeletal remodeling during meiosis and sperm development. Although predominantly associated with reproductive biology, evidence suggests possible roles as a biomarker in disease contexts such as breast cancer and neuropathic conditions. Substrate specificity and broader disease or therapeutic relevance for CAPN11 remain less well-characterized compared to other calpain family members[1][2][3].

Other names: Calpain-11CAPN11CANP 11Calcium-activated neutral proteinase 11calpain11calpain-11calcium-activated neutral proteinase 11

Mechanism of action

Calcium-dependent limited proteolysis of intracellular substrates

Biological functions

Intracellular proteolysisCalcium-dependent signal transductionCytoskeletal remodelingSpermatogenesis (meiosis and sperm function)

Disease associations

Male infertility (potential, based on reproductive expression)Cancer (upregulation observed in breast cancer models)Neuropathic pain and anxiety (potential biomarker role)

Safety considerations

Disruption could impact male fertility due to its highly restricted testis expression and function in spermatogenesis[1][2].

Biomarkers

Potential biomarker in neuropathic pain and anxiety (preclinical/biomarker investigations)

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