cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1)

cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1) is a well-characterized transcription factor encoded by the *CREB1* gene in humans[1][2]. CREB1 binds as a homodimer to cAMP response elements (CRE) in DNA and stimulates transcription in response to signals such as hormone-induced cAMP production[1][2][3]. It acts downstream of signaling pathways involving protein kinases (including PKA, MAPK, CaMK), and its phosphorylation at specific residues (notably Ser133) triggers recruitment of co-activators such as CREB-binding protein (CBP)[3]. CREB1 is expressed in many tissues but is especially important in the brain, where it regulates synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and long-term memory formation[3][4]. CREB1 also controls genes related to cell proliferation, survival, metabolic regulation (e.g., adipocyte differentiation, energy expenditure), and immune responses. Dysregulation of CREB1 activity is linked to a variety of diseases, including cancer, obesity, neuropsychiatric, and metabolic disorders[5]. CREB1 is considered a significant investigative target for therapeutic modulation but has proven challenging to drug directly due to its protein/protein and protein/DNA interaction interfaces and its broad biological roles[3].

Other names

CREB-1cAMP-responsive element binding protein 1Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1

Modulation (inhibition or stimulation) of CREB1 phosphorylation to regulate its transcription factor activity[3]. Disruption of CREB1–DNA binding or CREB1–coactivator interactions to alter gene expression.