Candida beta-mannan (Beta-mannan)

Candida beta-mannan is a vital polysaccharide component found in the outer cell wall of Candida species, particularly Candida albicans. It is composed of beta-1,2-linked oligomannosides that serve as critical Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) recognized by host immune receptors such as Galectin-3 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Biologically, it functions as a 'glycoshield,' masking more immunogenic components like beta-glucan from the host immune system to facilitate fungal evasion. In clinical practice, beta-mannan is a primary biomarker used in serum assays for the early diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. While it is not a target for traditional small-molecule antifungals, it is a significant focus for immunotherapy. Experimental treatments include protective monoclonal antibodies like MAb B6.1 and C3.1, as well as conjugate vaccines designed to elicit a protective immune response against systemic fungal infections.

Other names

β-1,2-mannanBeta-1,2-linked oligomannosidePhosphomannanCandida mannan antigenβ-1,2-mannotriose

Neutralization of fungal adhesion, opsonization for phagocytosis, active immunization, and passive immunization via protective antibodies.