Candida species-derived peptide–Human Leukocyte Antigen complexes (Candida pHLA)

Candida spp.-derived peptide–Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) complexes are molecular assemblies consisting of short fungal peptides bound within the groove of host HLA molecules. These complexes are presented on the surface of antigen-presenting cells or infected host cells to be recognized by the T-cell receptors (TCRs) of the immune system (Source: Bacher et al., 2014, Cell). This recognition is a critical step in the induction of protective immunity against Candida species, which are opportunistic pathogens responsible for a range of infections from superficial thrush to life-threatening systemic candidiasis (Source: Cassone, 2015, Microbes and Infection). In drug development, these complexes are utilized as targets for T-cell-based therapies and vaccines, where specific peptides from proteins like Agglutinin-like sequence 3 (Als3) are used to prime or engineer the immune response (Source: Schmidt et al., 2018, Vaccine). Because these targets are HLA-restricted, therapeutic efficacy depends on the match between the peptide-HLA complex and the patient's genetic background. Current research focuses on identifying immunodominant epitopes that can provide broad protection across different Candida strains and human populations (Source: Potenza et al., 2011, Blood). These complexes represent a cornerstone of personalized antifungal immunotherapy, aiming to restore or enhance the host's ability to clear fungal pathogens (Source: Kumaresan et al., 2014, J Vis Exp).

Other names

Candida peptide-MHC complexesCandida-specific pMHCFungal peptide-HLA complexesCandida antigen-HLA complexesCandida albicans peptide-HLA complexes

Recognition by T-cell receptors (TCRs) on CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, triggering an immune response against Candida species through the release of cytokines and direct cell-mediated cytotoxicity (Source: Bacher et al., 2014, Cell).