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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Carbonic Anhydrase Isoenzyme (CA)
- Target
- CA
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Metalloprotein
01
Overview
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of zinc-containing metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons. They are essential for maintaining acid-base balance, facilitating CO₂ transport, and supporting various physiological processes. At least 16 different alpha-carbonic anhydrase isoforms exist in mammals, each with distinct cellular localization and biophysical properties. They are therapeutic targets for diuretics, anti-glaucoma agents, anticonvulsants, anti-ulcer medications, and anticancer agents.
- Other names
- Carbonate dehydrataseCarbonic anhydraseCA ICA IICA IVCA IXCA XIICA VACA VB
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase activity via binding of sulfonamides to the zinc ion at the active site.
03
Biological functions
CO2 transportpH regulationElectrolyte balanceGastric acid secretionBone resorptionTumor pH regulation
04
Disease associations
GlaucomaEpilepsyUlcersCancerObesityAcid-base imbalances
05
Safety considerations
Off-target effects due to inhibition of multiple isoformsSulfonamide allergiesElectrolyte imbalancesAcidosis
06
Interacting drugs
Acetazolamide
3 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
CA IX expression in tumors (prognostic/predictive)Carbonic anhydrase levels in red blood cells (diagnostic)
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